11. Nan Goldin
(1953 - ) Nan Goldin's photographs have depicted gender-bending, the effects of AIDS, and her own life of sex, drugs and abusive relationships. Read more: Nan Goldin
12. Jill Greenberg
(1967 - ) Canadian born and raised in the U.S., Jill Greenberg's photographs, and her artistic manipulation of them before publishing, has sometimes been controversial. Read more: Jill Greenberg
13. Gertrude Käsebier
(1852 - 1934) Gertrude Käsebier was known for her portraits, especially in natural settings, and for a professional disagreement with Alfred Stieglitz over considering commercial photography as art. Read more: Gertrude Käsebier
14. Barbara Kruger
(1945 - ) Barbara Kruger has combined photographic images with other materials and words to make statements about politics, feminism, and other social issues. Read more: Barbara Kruger
15. Helen Levitt
(1913 - 2009) Helen Levitt's street photography of New York City life began with taking pictures of children's chalk drawings. Her work became better known in the 1960s. Levitt also made several films in the 1940s through 1970s.
16. Dorothy Norman
(1905 - 1997) Dorothy Norman was a writer and photographer -- mentored by Alfred Stieglitz who was also her lover though both were married -- and also a prominent New York social activist. She's especially known for photographs of famous people, including Jawaharlal Nehru, whose writings she also published. She published the first full-length biography of Stieglitz.
17. Leni Riefenstahl
(1902 - 2003) Leni Riefenstahl is better known as Hitler's propagandist with her filmmaking, Leni Reifenstahl disclaimed any knowledge of or responsibility for the Holocaust. In 1972, she photographed the Munich Olympics for the London Times. In 1973 she published Die Nuba, a book of photographs of the Nuba peple of southern Sudan, and in 1976, another book of photographs, The People of Kan. Read more: Leni Riefenstahl
18. Cindy Sherman
(1954 - ) Cindy Sherman, a New York City based photographer, has produced photographs (often featuring herself as the subject in costumes) that examine the roles of women in society. She was a 1995 recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship. She's also worked in film. Married to director Michel Auder from 1984 to 1999, she's more recently been linked to musician David Byrne.
19. Lorna Simpson
(1960 - ) Lorna Simpson, an African American photographer based in New York, has often focused in her work on multiculturalism and race and gender identity.
20. Constance Talbot
(1811 - ) The earliest known photographic portrait on paper was taken by William Fox Talbot on October 10, 1840 -- and his wife, Constance Talbot, was the subject. Constance Talbot also took and developed photographs, as her husband researched processes and materials to more effectively take photographs, and thus has sometimes been called the first woman photographer.
21. Doris Ulmann
(1882 - 1934) Doris Ulmann's photographs of the people, crafts and arts of Appalachia during the Depression era help to document that era. Earlier, she had photographed Appalachian and other Southern rural people, including in the Sea Islands. She was as much ethnographer as photographer in her work. She, like several other notable photographers, was educated at the Ethical Culture Fieldston School and Columbia University.
