Larissa Latynina, representing the USSR, is shown in the free-standing gymnastics event, which she won for a gold medal.
Larissa Latynina at the 1960 Rome Olympics
Central Press / Hulton Archive / Getty Images
By 1964, she had won 18 medals, the largest number of any Olympics athlete until Michael Phelps, a male swimmer, won his 19th at the 2012 London Olympics.