Ancient Women's History

Famous women of ancient history, in artists' conceptions throughout the ages.

Though most rulers in the ancient (and classical) world were men, some women ruled power and influence. Some ruled in their own name, some wielded power and influence as royal consorts. Here are some of the most powerful women in the ancient world.

The role of women in prehistory is a subject of wide popular interest. Dahlberg's challenge of "man the hunter" as the primary catalyst for human civilization is now classic. Marija Gimbutas' theories of the ancient culture of Old Europe, before the invasion of warlike Indo Europeans, is the foundation for much of the more popular literature. Read these and more skeptical views for perspective.

Choose from among these posters of goddesses, some from Renaissance art, or art deco, or more modern images.

An ever-expanding list of biographies of notable women in the ancient and classical world. Arranged in alphabetical order.