71. Helen Taussig
Dates: May 24, 1898 - May 20, 1986
Known for: Helen Brooke Taussig discovered the cause of the problem called "blue babies" and developed with a colleague a shunt, the Blalock-Taussig shunt, to correct the condition. She was also responsible for identifying the drug Thalidomide as the cause of a rash of birth defects in Europe.
72. Sheila Tobias
Dates: April 26, 1935 -
Known for: Sheila Tobias wrote Overcoming Math Anxiety, about women's experience of math education; she has researched and written extensively about gender issues in math and science education.
73. Trotula
Also known as: Trota of Salerno
Dates: ? - 1097?
Known for: Trota or Trotula is credited by some as the author of a compilation of medieval medical, gynecological and obstetrical text, thought by many to be a woman who practiced obstetrics and gynecology in Salerno. Others believe the name was simply an invention and that there was no female physician behind the writings, and perhaps no single author or editor of the compilation.
74. Lydia Villa-Komaroff
Dates: August 7, 1947 -
Known for: A molecular biologist whose work with recombinant DNA contributed to developing insulin from bacteria. She researched or taught at Harvard, the University of Massachusetts and Northwestern. She was only the third Mexican American to be awarded a science Ph.D. and has won many awards and recognition for her achievements.
75. Elisabeth S. Vrba
Dates: May 17, 1942 -
Known for: A Yale faculty member, Elisabeth Vrba developed the Turnover Pulse Hypothesis, and has studied the relationship of climate to evolution.
76. Fanny Bullock Workman
Dates: January 8, 1859 - January 22, 1925
Known for: Explorer and geologist who used her adventures to document details about the Himalayas.
77. Chien-Shiung Wu
Courtesy Library of Congress
Dates: May 29, 1912 - February 16, 1997
Known for: China-born physicist Chien-Shiung Wu worked with Dr. Tsung Dao Lee and Dr. Ning Yang at Columbia University. She experimentally disproved the "parity principle" in nuclear physics, and when Lee and Yang won the Nobel Prize in 1957 for this work, they credited her work as being key to the discovery. Chien-Shiung Wu worked on the atomic bomb for the United States during World War II at Columbia's Division of War Research, and taught university level physics.
78. Rosalyn Yalow
Dates: July 19, 1921 -
Known for: Rosalyn Yalow developed a technique called radioimmunoassay (RIA) which allows researchers and technicians to measure biological substances. She shared the 1977 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine with her co-workers on this discovery.
