1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purposes of the Review

1.2. Analytical Framework

1.3 The Adarand Review

2. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION: HISTORY AND RATIONALE

2.1 Background

2.2 Fair Employment -- The Executive Order

2.3 Fair Employment -- The Enforcement of Title VII

2.4 Education

3. EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND ANTI- DISCRIMINATION

3.1 Review of the Empirical Literature, in Summary

3.2 Effect on Earnings

3.3 Effect on Employment

4. THE JUSTIFICATION FOR AFFIRMATIVE ACTION:
THE CONTINUING NEED TO COMBAT DISCRIMINATION
AND PROMOTE INCLUSION

4.1 Evidence of Continuing Discrimination

4.2 Results from Random Testing

4.3 Continuing Disparities in Economic Status

5. REVIEW OF THE PROGRAMS

6. OFFICE OF FEDERAL CONTRACT COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS

6.1 Concepts & Principles

6.2 Policies & Practices

6.3 Performance & Effects

6.4 A Note on OFCCP Law Enforcement Functions

6.5 Conclusions and Recommendations

7. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION IN THE MILITARY

7.1 Concepts & Principles

7.2 Policies & Practices

7.3 Performance & Effects

7.4 Implications

7.5 Conclusions and Recommendations

8. FEDERAL CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT AFFIRMATIVE ACTION

8.1 History and Results

8.2 Summary Profiles for Selected Agencies

8.3 Affirmative Action for a Shrinking Federal Workforce

8.4 Conclusions and Recommendations

9. FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICIES & PRACTICES

9.1 Overview

9.2 Policies & Practices

9.3 Performance & Effects

9.4 Evaluations & Proposed Reforms

9.5 Conclusions and Recommendations

10. EDUCATION AND HHS POLICIES & PRACTICES

10.1 Overview

10.2 Policies & Practices

10.3 Performance & Effects

10.4 Concerns & Complaints

10.5 A Note on Minority-Targeted Scholarships

10.6 Conclusions and Recommendations

11. SELECTED OTHER FEDERAL POLICIES:
THE FCC AND THE DEPARTMENTS OF TREASURY AND AGRICULTURE

11.1 FCC Preferences and Targeting

11.2 The Treasury: Minority Bank Deposits

11.3 Agriculture Programs

11.4 Conclusions and Recommendations

APPENDIX A: Presidential Directive of July 19, 1995

APPENDIX B: Justice Department Office of Legal Counsel Memorandum

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Part of a collection of etexts on women's history produced by Jone Johnson Lewis. Editing and formatting © 1999-2003 Jone Johnson Lewis.